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2014 Vol.0 Issue.4
Published 2014-08-10
CONTENTS
5
Gender and Corruption——Based on the Cases of China
WANG Qi, MIN Dong-chao Trans,CHEN Mi
This paper fills in the gap between fanfare media coverage of women in corruption and the ignorance of gender in academic research on corruption in China. We ask relevance of gender in corruption and explore whether corruption should be understood as a gendered problem and to what extent. The paper first presents some case evidences of corruption involving women and outline three forms of female participation in corruption. Based on the empirics from China, the paper introduces and proposes various theories and deliberates on the relevance of these theories in explaining and understanding the role of gender in corruption in China.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 5-13 [
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Gender-based Gap in Political Knowledge and Political Participation：Thoughts on Social Science Research and Social Governance
LU Xiao , ZHANG Han
There are salient differences in men and women's grasp of political knowledge and its geographical dimensions. Men tend to accumulate more political knowledge at the national and global levels, while women grasp more political knowledge at the regional and local levels. An analysis of the data obtained in the 2008 Chicago Area Study reaffirms the gender gap in political knowledge. Social science research questionnaires usually ask more questions about political knowledge at the national and global levels and are thus unable to accurately measure the level of women's political knowledge. In addition, men are more ready to guess when they actually don't know the answer, giving rise to the inflation of their political knowledge. Thus men's political knowledge as measured in such questionnaires has limited validity for predicting men's political participation. The implications of this studies are two-folds. Firstly, more attention should be given to the gender gap in the geographical scale of political knowledge when doing social science research on gender and political knowledge and political participation. Secondly, women grasp more political knowledge at the regional and local levels, which is of particular importance for the advancement of social governance and public participation.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 14-21 [
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22
Analysis of Harmonious Marital Relationships in Different Social Groups: A Survey of Married Women in Tianjin
ZHANG Bao-yi
Harmonious relationship between husband and wife can be affected by many daily factors, including family status, household income, housework, economic power in the family, cohabitation with parents and grandparents, and Children's education. However, the effects of the above factors are different among married couples of different social groups and professional backgrounds. This study reveals that apart from the family status that has an effect on all married couples, other factors have different effects. For example, household income has stronger influence on married couples who are of lower status and live in the countryside. Strengthening women's economic power helps with the marital relationships among middle aged couples. Cohabitation with family elders supports the marital relationships among young couples. Housework has declining influence on marital relationship, especially among families in lower strata.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 22-26 [
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27
The Buffering Function of Reproduction Support in Women's Career Break ——Based on the Third Issue of Chinese Women's Social Status Investigation Report
HUANG Gui-xia
Reproduction break is a major obstacle in women's career development. According to the Third Issue of Chinese Women's Social Status Investigation Report, the ratio of women's career break, to some extent, could be reduced by either relevant reproduction insurance and social service provided by government and employing units or the reproduction support from families which could share responsibility of taking care of infants and children. The status quo of the apparently inefficient support for dealing with the conflict between women's reproduction and career development by the current government and employing units has showed that they should consistently perfect their reproduction insurance, and reduce women's reproduction cost to remove professional women's future worries about reproduction; moreover, gender equality for women in employment could also be promoted by measures such as consistently enhancing the construction of kindergarten - the community kindergarten and other public supporting services in particular, and establishing the employment-supporting mechanism for balancing women's work and family life to reduce the possibilities of women's career break owing to reproduction.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 27-33 [
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34
Supervisors' Acceptance of "Glass Ceiling" and Its Influence on the Career Development of Female Subordinates
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LIU Shi-min, LIU Miao
This paper reveals that supervisors' repudiation of "glass ceiling" has positive influence on female subordinates' career development, while their acceptance of "glass ceiling" has negative influence on female subordinates' career development based on findings from 103 paired questionnaires between supervisors and female subordinates.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 34-40 [
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41
The Current Situation and Legal Regulation of Sexual Harassment——Take Hong Kong and Taiwan's Relevant Laws as Examples
LIU Xiao-nan
The 3rd National Survey on the Social Status of Women in China showed that 7.8% of women have encountered sexual harassment in the workplace or at school. Compared with men, women are subject to more unwanted sex-related body touch and sex related requests. The survey also found that women who suffered from sexual harassment seldom took legal action to claim their rights and interests. This paper will take Hong Kong and Taiwan, which have close regional and cultural relationship with the mainland China, as examples to illustrate that in addition to conventional beliefs, the current law and the legal remedy mechanisms are lack of implementing method and thus pose as obstacles to the sexual harassment victims to resort to legal action.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 41-48 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 49-49 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 51-52 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 53-54 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 55-56 [
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57
Reconstructing Social History from a Gender Perspective
HE Yi-jin
Abstract:Although social history records what happened in the past, It is not fixed in its presentation as it is a field of study to build common agreement. In different periods of time, the construction of the discipline of history faces new challenges and demands as different social thoughts and discourses rise, requiring the studies of history to respond. The rise of gender discourse has challenged the male dominated the field of history. More and more female social historians have been re-discovered and included in the history of social and historical studies.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 57-62 [
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The Safeguards of Women's Interests in “Qi Chu” in the Tang Code: from Those Who Never Did Wrong to Those Who Had No Help
CUI Lan-qin
"Qi Chu" was the most common divorce institution in ancient China. It first appeared in the Confucian classics and became a formal institution in Tang dynasty. As a matter of fact, "Qi Chu" did not ignore women's interest entirely. "Qi Chu" allowed the husband to divorce his wife based on seven reasons and restricted the previously unlimited power of the husband to divorce his wife and in actuality, sheltered women's marriage. According to the Tang Code, the essential prerequisite of applying the "Qi Chu" is to prohibit the husband from arbitrarily divorcing his wife and in effect, safeguarded wives who did nothing wrong. Though the husband was able to divorce his wife by the institution of "Qi Chu", the rule of "San Bu-Qv" restricted him from divorcing women and instead made him respect women who conducted good deed for the his family and protect the interests of the weak and helpless women.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 63-72 [
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From Imagination to Practice:"Hua"Yao Women's Cross-stitch Clothing and Their Body Language
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XIE Fei
As physical expression of culture, clothing and ways it is dressed have multiple meanings. The matching of the cross-stitch clothing of Hua Yao women with their bodies through their physical image, the making and exchange of the clothing, and the decoration on their bodies and acceptance provides women the ethnic identity and meaningful realization of their memory. This shows how valuable the cross-stitch clothing is to Hua Yao people. It also shows the significance of protecting and preserving such customary handicraft in the listed system.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 73-79 [
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Analyzing Gender-based Segregation in the Toy World: A Case Study of Denmark's Lego
ZHOU Pei-qin
Toys play an important role in children's socialization of gender identity, but they have not received enough scholarly attention. This study focuses on Lego building bricks. Selecting Lego for the case study is due to its worldwide influence. It is also because Denmark, Lego's country-of-origin, has paid attention to gender equality and gender ambiguity represented by Lego building bricks. My research indicates that there is a world clearly segregated based on gender with Lego building bricks. In this world, marginalized girls are more inclined to stay in private sphere, their body images embody stereotypical femininity, and their roles are rather traditional. In order to fight against sexism in the toy world, this study calls for increased gender consciousness, organized social activities, and active local movements to replace free-riding passive acceptance.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 80-87 [
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Women, War and Country： The Female Images in American Wartime Propaganda during the WWI
CHEN Chun-hua
During the First World War, there were conflicting attitudes towards women in the traditional American patriarchal society. On the one hand, women were expected by society to take on more jobs traditionally done by men. On the other hand, they were guarded against, fearful of them to be over-independent and to threaten men's authority. The various female images in American wartime propaganda vividly reflected these conflicting attitudes of the patriarchal society. Despite the restrictions and difficulties, American women still managed to obtain more rights for themselves and higher status through their efforts and contributions during the war.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 88-91 [
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The Historical Mission and Development Strategy of the American Women's College
YANG Chun
Women's colleges shoulder the historic mission of promoting women's development in the world. The American Women's College provides experiences from which China Women's College can learn. The American Women's College has the grand will to educate women to embrace the world and adopts the viable strategy to continuing sustainable development to match its reputation. While it has been actively searching a path for it to maintain its unique characteristics, it has united forces in a union with other American women's colleges. These approaches help promote the development of the American Women's College while sharing quality resources in an integration of universities in the United States of America.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 92-96 [
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Female Social Workers and Emotional Labor: A New Topic
WANG Bin
Emotional labor is a concept that reveals the covert exploitation of females' emotional labor in the highly developed services industries. Social work as a special type of social services embraces women as employees who face unjust divisions of emotional labor. This injustice is constructed at three complex levels from specialization, through family roles to institutionalization. The Divisions of emotional labor in specialized social work directly carry over women's family roles when female social workers undertake tasks to display emotions. Such requirement of display of emotions in work reflects the arbitrary identification of women's characteristics by the male dominated culture. To overcome this disadvantage, we must re-consider the internal divisions of social work, re-adjusting what is men's and women's advantages and differences between specialized and routine work. It is desirable to regard emotional labor in social work as a necessary means to realize socialism, and not complementary tools to fulfill tasks. To respect emotional labor in female social work is important to reconsider rationalism in social work.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 97-103 [
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104
Reflections on the Health Research concerning Migrant Women in Mainland China
ZHANG Ling-min
This paper discusses the three main issues in the research on the health of migrant women workers in China based on a review of the existing literature from 2000 to 2013. These are the state of health among migrant women workers, their access to healthcare and the government policy, and root causes of their health problems. The author finds that migrant women workers have problems with access to healthcare similar to migrant women and men. At the same time, they also face specific problems, which are related to factors that are political, economic, social and cultural. The social and cultural factors are often identified in research. Finally, the author suggests the existing characteristics of the research and possible ways for future improvement.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 104-113 [
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Female Talents Development in Foreign Countries
DENG Zi-juan ,LIN Zhong-hua , ZHANG Xiao-bing
Talent management has been an important component of strategic human resources management. Overseas scholars and entrepreneurs have made laudable progress in female talents development. This paper examines the definition, basic theories, developmental style and influential factors in the development of female talents, and suggests future directions for research.
2014 Vol. 0 (4): 114-122 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 123-124 [
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2014 Vol. 0 (4): 125-128 [
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