All the Mountains and Rivers Bear Old Sorrows，Who Can Ask the Heavens about the Fallen Dynasty?#br#
Gender-Related Writing and Self-Presentation during the Ming-Qing Transition: A Review of Women and National Trauma in Late Imperial Chinese Literature
Abstract：The Ming-Qing transition is a short yet special period in the history of classical Chinese literature． The diversity of literary works produced during this period and the variety and complexity of the literary devices employed in them have not been fully investigated． Li Wai-yee's Women and National Trauma in Late Imperial Chinese Literature is one of the recent significant works in this field． In her study，Li Wai-yee explores gender-related writing strategies and self-representation in the textual records of the political and social upheaval during the Ming-Qing transition． Her study provides an important example of North American scholars' fresh concerns in the field of Chinese studies． This book review analyzes the approaches，perspectives，achievements，and problems of her study and attempts to demonstrate her academic strengths in various aspects，such as critical theory and research methodologies．
