Abstract：Feminization of nursing profession is more than a reflection of women's natural instinct as it is actually a consequence of negotiation between nursing pioneers and society and doctors about womanhood and on the professional characteristics and the position of nursing profession. Therefore, it's a result of social construction, a process that has two sides: progress in women's advancement, on one side, and on the other, compromise in gender norms.
马冬玲. 进步与妥协：西方护理职业化中的性别建构①[J]. 妇女研究论丛, 2011, 0(4): 84-91.
MA Dong-ling. Advancement or Compromise: Gender Structures in the Professionalization of Nursing in the West. , 2011, 0(4): 84-91.
[1]联合国.1970-1990年世界妇女状况：趋势和统计数据[Z]. ST/ESA/STAT/SER.K/8.1993. [2]联合国.1995年世界妇女状况：趋势和统计数字[Z]. ST/ESA/STAT/SER.K/12.1995. [3]Susan A LaRocco. A Grounded Theory Study of Socializing Men into Nursing[J]. Journal of Men's Studies, 2007, 15(2). [4]卫生部信息统计中心.2009中国卫生统计年鉴[C]. 北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2009. [5][美]威廉·科克汉姆著,杨辉、张拓红等译.医学社会学[M].北京:华夏出版社,2000. [6]王斌全,赵晓云.护理的起源[J ] .护理研究,2006,(10) . [7] Francesca M.Cancian & Stacey J.Oliker, Caring and Gender[M]. Pine Forge Press, 2000. [8]Michelle Fortunato. Ancient History of Nursing[EB/OL]. http://www.ehow.com/about_6131230_ancient-history-nursing.html. 更新于May 17, 2010.访问时间：2011-04-29. [9] [美]罗伊·波特(Porter, Roy）编著,张大庆等译.剑桥医学史[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,2000. [10]王秀瑛.护理发展简史[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987. [11]Joan Evans. Men in Nursing: A Historical and Feminist Perspective[J]. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004,47(3). [12]Bullough Vern L. Men. Women, and Nursing History[J]. Journal of Professional Nursing,1994,10(3). [13]Squires TE..Men in nursing[J]. Registered Nurse, 1995,58(7). [14]维基百科.men in nursing词条.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Men_in_nursing.访问时间：2011年5月6日. [15]Brian Abel-Smith. A History of the Nursing Profession[M]. London: Heinemann, 1960. [16]Sylvia Brandon, Book Review of Men in Nursing[C]. Edited by Chad O’Lynn and Russell Tranbarger. New York: Springer Publishing, 2006.来源：http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&hid=12&sid=a80b2ac8-dad0-466b-8592-b54237 dd3fa6%40sessionmgr14. [17]Judith Barber, All the Young Men Gone: Losing Men in the Gentrification of Australian Nursing Circa 1860-1899[J]. Nursing Inquiry, 1996,3(4). [18]王桂生.现代护理学理论基础[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民卫生出版社,2003. [19]Carolyn Mackintosh. A Historical Study of Men in Nursing[J]. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 1997,26(2). [20]Joseph P. Zbilut. Men in Nursing[J]. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2006,38(3). [21]赵康.专业、专业属性及判断成熟专业的六条标准——一个社会学角度的分析[J].社会学研究,2000,(5). [22]赵采花,史志江.护理专业的界定[J].现代护理,2005,11(1). [23]王斌全,赵晓云.护理“专业”的界定与发展现状[J].护理研究,200,22(5). [24][法]菲利普·亚当,克罗迪娜·赫尔兹里奇著,王吉会译.疾病与医学社会学[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2005. [25]王立章,李懿秀.护理学与护士工作[N].人民日报,1956-12-31. [26][美]H·P·恰范特,蔡勇美,[中]刘宗秀,阮芳赋著.医学社会学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1987. [27]李道明,陈东.世界红十字日和国际护士节[N].人民日报,1991-5-7. [28]Cecil Woodham-Smith著,熊中贵,姚树林,景耀译.南丁格尔传[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2000. [29]我是护士我骄傲——南丁格尔下的宣言[N].北京娱乐信报,2003-5-12.http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2003-05-12/02351047232.shtml.访问时间：2011-5-27. [30]百度百科：弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔, http://baike.baidu.com/view/21834.htm. [31]Shula Marks. The Gender Dilemma in Nursing History: The Case of the South African Mine Hospitals[Z]. Seminar delivered in Oxford Brookes University, December, 2000. [32][英]弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔著,庞洵译.护理札记[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004. [33]Susan T..Caring Knows No Gender：Break the Stereotype and Boost the Number of Men in Nursing[J].American Journal of Nursing, 2003, 103(5).
2011, Vol. 0 
