后社会主义国家的家庭政策和性别平等：1989年后的匈牙利和波兰

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摘要波兰和匈牙利这两个后社会主义国家,1989年因为类似的压力都进行了家庭政策改革,但由于改革时机等因素的影响形成了不同的家庭政策新体制。这场改革对于有着年幼孩子特别是年龄不满2岁孩子的母亲伤害最深。波兰和匈牙利改革之后的性别平等状况不仅没有改善,反而有恶化的趋势,因为其新的家庭政策体制都表现出明显的“母性主义”倾向。比较而言,波兰女性处于更为不利的位置。

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	马春华

关键词 ：家庭政策, 性别平等, 后社会主义国家

Abstract：As post-socialist states, Hungary and Poland both reformed their family policies after 1989. Due to the influence of the timing and idea of reforms, family policy in Hungary was very different from that of Poland. During the reforms women with young children, especially with children under 2, were hurt most. Gender equality in these two countries was not improved but worsened because of the emphasis on "maternalism" in the family policies. Polish women are in even worse positions.

Key words： family policy gender equality post-socialist state

D441.7

基金资助:本文是国家社科基金课题“寻找和建构转型期中国的家庭政策体系”（项目编号：13BSH030）的阶段性研究成果。

作者简介: 马春华（1973-）,女,中国社会科学院社会学研究所副研究员。研究方向：家庭社会学和家庭政策。

引用本文:

马春华. 后社会主义国家的家庭政策和性别平等：1989年后的匈牙利和波兰[J]. 妇女研究论丛, 2014, 0(5): 85-93. MA Chun-hua. Family Policies and Gender Equality in Post-socialist States: Hungary and Poland after 1989. , 2014, 0(5): 85-93.

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