政治知识和政治参与的性别鸿沟：社会科学研究与社会治理层面的思考*

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摘要男性和女性在所掌握的政治知识的地理区域维度上存在显著差异,男性对全国和全球的政治知识有更多的关注,而女性掌握更多的地区政治知识。通过使用2008年美国芝加哥地区研究的调查数据进行分析,验证了政治知识中的性别鸿沟是显著存在的。本研究的发现具有两个层面的意义,一个是在社会科学研究方法的层面,在研究性别与政治知识、政治参与的关系时,必须充分重视男性和女性在政治知识的国家/地区层面的差别；另一个是社会治理理论与政策研究的层面,在中国的社会治理中,要充分重视和发挥女性在地区政治知识上的比较优势,推动社会治理创新和公众参与。

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	鲁晓
	张汉

关键词 ：政治知识, 政治参与, 性别

Abstract：There are salient differences in men and women's grasp of political knowledge and its geographical dimensions. Men tend to accumulate more political knowledge at the national and global levels, while women grasp more political knowledge at the regional and local levels. An analysis of the data obtained in the 2008 Chicago Area Study reaffirms the gender gap in political knowledge. Social science research questionnaires usually ask more questions about political knowledge at the national and global levels and are thus unable to accurately measure the level of women's political knowledge. In addition, men are more ready to guess when they actually don't know the answer, giving rise to the inflation of their political knowledge. Thus men's political knowledge as measured in such questionnaires has limited validity for predicting men's political participation. The implications of this studies are two-folds. Firstly, more attention should be given to the gender gap in the geographical scale of political knowledge when doing social science research on gender and political knowledge and political participation. Secondly, women grasp more political knowledge at the regional and local levels, which is of particular importance for the advancement of social governance and public participation.

Key words： political knowledge political participation gender

C916

基金资助:本文为教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金（项目编号:20141020115）、第54批中国博士后基金面上资助（项目编号：2013M540921)、教育部青年基金项目（项目编号：13YJC810007)、2014国家社科基金青年项目“农村流动家庭离散化的社会治理政策研究”的阶段性成果。

作者简介: 1.鲁晓（1985-）,女,清华大学科学技术与社会研究所博士后项目研究员。研究方向：工作、组织、劳动力市场与经济社会学。2.张汉（1983-）,男,清华大学政治学系博士后项目研究员。研究方向：政治社会学。

引用本文:

鲁晓,张汉. 政治知识和政治参与的性别鸿沟：社会科学研究与社会治理层面的思考*[J]. 妇女研究论丛, 2014, 0(4): 14-21. LU Xiao , ZHANG Han. Gender-based Gap in Political Knowledge and Political Participation：Thoughts on Social Science Research and Social Governance. , 2014, 0(4): 14-21.

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https://www.fnyjlc.com/CN/ 或 https://www.fnyjlc.com/CN/Y2014/V0/I4/14

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