Abstract:In 1990s, Judith Bulter's intervened questioning on the presumption of the essentialist gender dichotomy has changed our oppositional beliefs on gender formation, universal ethics and speech-act of daily life. This article reviews and discusses Butler’s theoretical debates and critical practice in the last two decades, especially after she proposed the theory of “Gender Performativity”. It argues that Butler’s contribution, interrogating feminism, reforming the productive meaning of agency and the construction of cultural survival for Jewish Americans, makes a significant breakthrough in dealing with contemporary gender impasse. It would be fair to say that Butler’s ongoing critical endeavor has unveiled a possible correlation that intertwines between gender and ethics. Instead of providing an immediate solution to the problematic of gender trouble, Butler prefers to stay in the "becoming" state of gender “in-betweeness”. Her political and ethical probe has lightened up the blind spot of western humanistic tradition: the vulnerability of human beings. The exclusion of “non-human” beings and the neglecting of multi-forms of life still remain unsolvable ethical problem in regards to recognizing their claims of “living a livable life”.
基金资助:This project was supported in part by the Beatrice Bain Research Group, University of California, Berkeley; 本文是2013年教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“朱迪斯·巴特勒与女性主义伦理批评”(项目编号:13YJC752024)、教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目(2014)以及中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助的研究成果
王楠. 从性别表演到文化批判:*论朱迪斯·巴特勒的政治伦理批评[J]. 妇女研究论丛, 2015, 0(2): 81-89.
WANG Nan. From Gender Performativity to Cultural Critique: Towards an Understanding of Judith Butler's Political-Ethical Theory. , 2015, 0(2): 81-89.
[1] Judith Butler. Subjects of Desire: Hegelian Reflections in 20 Century France(with a new preface)[M]. New York: Columbia University Press, (1987)1999. [2] [美]朱迪斯·巴特勒著,宋素凤译.性别麻烦:女性主义与身份的颠覆[M].上海:三联书店,2009. Judith Butler. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (with a new preface)[M]. New York: Routledge, (1990) 1999. [3] [美]苏珊·弗兰克·帕森斯著,史军译.性别伦理学[M].北京: 北京大学出版社,2009. [4] [法]露丝·伊利格瑞著,屈雅君等译.他者女人的窥镜[M].郑州: 河南大学出版, 2013. [5] [美]朱迪斯·巴特勒著,郭劼译.消解性别[M].上海:三联书店,2009. [6] [美]朱迪斯·巴特勒著,张生译.权力的精神生活:服从的理论[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,2009. [7] [英]齐格蒙特·鲍曼著,黄晓武译.后马克思主义与文化研究:理论、政治与介入[M].南京:江苏人民出版社, 2011. [8] [美]Judith Butler. Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism[M]. Cambridge: New York: Columbia University Press. 2012. [9] 陈永国.从解构到翻译:斯皮瓦克的属下研究[J].外国文学,2005,(5). [10] Talal Asad. On the Concept of Cultural Translation in British Social Anthropology[A]. In James Clifford and George E. Marcus, ed.. Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography[C]. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986. [11] 肖巍.飞往自由的心灵:性别与哲学的女性主义探索[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2014.