|
|
|
| A Gender Perspective of Natural Disaster: Past and Future |
| YU Sheng-jie1 ,ZHANG Chun-gang2 ,QI Gu-bo3 |
| 1.2.3.College of Humanities and Development Studies at China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Gender-based relationships that are developed in a historical and cultural context, on the one hand, influence men as well as women's experience with disasters. On the other hand, their experiences with disasters, especially the experiences with the disaster recovery and reconstruction process in turn reconstruct their relationships. This paper constructs the historical development of research on natural disaster from a gender perspective based on a review of the literature since the 1970s. While dwelling briefly on the existence of gendered vulnerability theory, it identifies main issues in discussion, namely, gendered differences in mortality rate and in access to relief resources, including healthcare, and violence against women. Finally, the paper looks ahead into the future to suggest research on increasing risks of disasters because of climate change and rapid urbanization from a cross-cultural and gender perspective.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1]Krishnaraj, M.. Gender Issues in Disaster Management: The Latur Earthquake [J]. Gender, Technology and Development, 1997,(3).
[2]Enarson, E.. Through Women’s Eyes: A Gendered Research Agenda for Disaster Social Science[J]. Disasters, 1998,(22).
[3]Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations. Women2000 and Beyond: Making Risky Environments Safer: Women Building Sustainable and Disaster-Resilient Environment[Z]. http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/ public/w2000-natdisasters-e.pdf 2004.
[4]Neumayer, E., Plümper, T.. The Gendered Nature of Natural Disasters: The Impact of Catastrophic Events on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy, 1981-2002[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2007,(3).
[5]Enarson, E., Meyreles, L.. International Perspectives on Gender and Disaster: Differences and Possibilities[J]. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 2004,(24).
[6]林志斌.性别与发展教程[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2001.
[7]Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations. Environment Management and the Mitigation of Natural Disasters: A Gender Perspective[R]. Expert Group Meeting Ankara, Turkey, 2001.
[8]Ikeda, K.. Gender Differences in Human Loss and Vulnerability in Natural Disasters: A Case Study from Bangladesh[J]. Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 1995,(2).
[9]Fothergill, A.. The Neglect of Gender in Disaster Work: An Overview of the Literature[A]. The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Through Women’s Eyes[C]. Westport: Praeger Publishers. 1998.
[10]Enarson, E., Morrow, B. H.. The Gendered Terrain of Disaster: Through Women’s Eyes[C]. Westport: Praeger Publishers, 1998.
[11]胡以志. 灾后重建规划理论与实践：以新奥尔良重建为例,兼论对汶川地震灾后重建的借鉴[J]. 国际城市规划, 2008,(4).
[12]Elaine Enarson, P. G. Dhar Chakrabarti. Women, Gender And Disaster: Global Issues and Initiatives[C]. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2009.
[13]宋守全,邹其嘉,陈英方,张洪由. 地震灾害的地震社会学研究[J]. 灾害学, 1986,(12).
[14]董强. 灾后性别影响的社会评估[J]. 四川省情, 2008,(9).
[15]李小云,黄承伟. 汶川地震灾区贫困村恢复发展评估——来自8个贫困村的调研[M]. 北京：中国财政经济出版社, 2012.
[16]梁茂春. 灾害社会学[M].广州：暨南大学出版社, 2012.
[17]岑剑梅. 论气候变化对妇女的影响及应对[J]. 妇女研究论丛, 2011,(1).
[18]周利敏. 从自然脆弱性到社会脆弱性： 灾害研究的范式转型[J]. 思想战线, 2012,(2).
[19]Amanda Ripley. Why More Men Die in Floods?[EB/OL]. http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1817603,00.html, 2008-06-24.
[20]Enarson, E.. Building Disaster Resilient Communities: Learning from Community Women[Z]. Commission on the Status of Women Forty-sixth Session, New York, 2002 .
[21]Greet P.. Making Good Policy into Good Practice[J]. Focus on Gender, 1994,(1).
[22]Akerkar, S.. Disaster Mitigation and Furthering Women's Rights Learning from the Tsunami[J]. Gender, Technology and Development, 2007,(3).
[23]Baldry, D., Thurairajah, N.. Women’s Empowerment in Post Disaster Reconstruction: Perspectives on Policies and Frameworks[J]. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 2010, (4).
[24]Kristin Scharffscher. Disempowerment through Disconnection: Local Women's Disaster Response and International Relief In Post-tsunami Batticaloa[J]. Disaster Prevention and Management, 2011, (1) .
[25]Adeola, F. O.. Mental Health and Psychosocial Distress Sequelae of Katrina: An Empirical Study of Survivors[J]. Human Ecology Review, 2009,(2).
[26]Carballo, M., Heal, B., Horbaty, G.. Impact of the Tsunami on Psychosocial Health and Well-being[J]. International Review of Psychiatry, 2006,(3).
[27]Lock, S., Rubin, G. J., Murray, V.. Rogers M. B. Aml?t, R., Williams R. Secondary Stressors and Extreme Events and Disasters: A Systematic Review of Primary Research from 2010-2011[J/OL]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3492002/?report=reader#!po=6.25000, 2013-09-27.
[28]Wickrama, T., Ketring, S. A.. Change in the Health of Tsunami-exposed Mothers Three Years after the Natural Disaster[J]. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2012,(3).
[29]Pittaway, E., Bartolomei, L., Rees, S.. Gendered Dimensions of the 2004 Tsunami and a Potential Social Work Response in Post-disaster Situations[J]. International Social Work, 2007,(3).
[30]Enarson, E.. Violence against Women in Disasters: A Study of Domestic Violence Programs in the United States and Canada[J]. Violence Against Women, 1999,(7).
[31]Fisher, S.. Violence against Women and Natural Disasters: Findings from Post-tsunami Sri Lanka[J]. Violence Against Women, 2010,(8).
[32]任云兰.近代华北自然灾害与妇女儿童的生存状况[J].晋阳学刊,2007,(3).
[33]安治国. 灾时犯罪特征及对策[J]. 重庆文理学院学报(社会科学版), 2008,(8).
[34]Ray-Bennett, N. S.. The Influence of Caste, Class and Gender in Surviving Multiple Disasters: A Case Study From Orissa, India[J]. Environmental Hazards, 2009,(1).
[35]Jones, M. M.. Race, Class and Gender Disparities in Clara Barton's Late Nineteenth-Century Disaster Relief[J]. Environment and History, 2011,(1). |
| [1] |
. [J]. , 2022, 0(1): 52-. |
|
|
|
|
2014, Vol. 0 
