后社会主义国家的家庭政策和性别平等：1989年后的匈牙利和波兰

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (977 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract As post-socialist states, Hungary and Poland both reformed their family policies after 1989. Due to the influence of the timing and idea of reforms, family policy in Hungary was very different from that of Poland. During the reforms women with young children, especially with children under 2, were hurt most. Gender equality in these two countries was not improved but worsened because of the emphasis on "maternalism" in the family policies. Polish women are in even worse positions.

Key words： family policy gender equality post-socialist state

D441.7

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	MA Chun-hua

Cite this article:

MA Chun-hua. Family Policies and Gender Equality in Post-socialist States: Hungary and Poland after 1989[J]. , 2014, 0(5): 85-93.

URL:

https://www.fnyjlc.com/EN/ OR https://www.fnyjlc.com/EN/Y2014/V0/I5/85

[1]Dumon, W., ed., Changing Family Policies in the Member States of European Union[M]. Bruseels: CEC, 1994.
[2]Lohmann, Henning; Peter, Fauke H.; Rostgaard, Tine and Spiess, C. Katharina. Towards a Framework for Assessing Family Policies in the EU[R]. Final Report, 2009.
[3]Gauthier, A. H.. Family Policies in Industrialized Countries: Is There Convergence? [J]. Population, 2002/3, 57(3).
[4]Esping-Anderson, G?sta. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism[M]. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990.
[5]傅立叶.从性别观点看台湾的国家福利体制[J].台湾社会研究,2010,(80).
[6]Bussemaker, Jet and van Kersbergen, Kees. Gender and Welfare State: Some Theoretical Reflections[A]. in Gendering Welfare States[C] . ed. by Sainsbury, D.. London: Sage Publications, 1994.
[7]傅立叶. “妇女福利服务”社会工作与台湾社会[M].台北:巨流图书公司, 2002.
[8]Sainsbury, Diane, ed.. Gender Equality and Welfare States[C]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
[9]Fraser, Nancy. After the Family Wage: Gender Equity and the Welfare State[J]. Political Theory, 1994,(22).
[10]Orloff, Ann Shola. Gender and the Social Rights of Citizenship: The Comparative Analysis of Gender Relations and Welfare States[J]. American Sociological Review, 1993, (58).
[11]Esping-Anderson, G?sta. Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies[M]. Oxford University Press, 1999.
[12]Korpi, Walter. Faces of Inequality: Gender, Class, and Patterns of Inequalities in Different Types of Welfare States[J]. Social Politics, 2001, 8(7).
[13]?varc, P. & ?varcov?l N.. The Impact of Social and Tax Policies on Families with Children: Comparative Study of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia[Z]. IES Working Paper, 2007.
[14]Eurostat. Towards a "Baby Recession" in Europe? Differential Fertility Trends during the Economic Crisis[EB/OL]. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-13-013/EN/KS-SF-13-013-EN.PDF, 2013.
[15]Philipov, Dimiter. Major Trends Affecting Families in Central and Eastern Europe[A]. in Major Trends Affecting Families: A Background Document[EB/OL]. by The Division for Social Policy and Development (DSPD), Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), the United Nations Secretariat, http://undesadspd.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=5bUOs2gtW-k%3D&tabid=282, 2004.
[16]Fultz, Elaine and Steinhilber, Silke. The Gender Dimensions of Social Security Reform in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland[A]. in The Gender Dimension of Social Security Reform in Central and Eastern Europe[C]. eds. by Fultz, Elaine; Ruck, Marcus and Steinhilber, Silke, Budapest: ILO, 2003.
[17]Linda Cook, Mitchell Orenstein and Marilyn Rueschemeyer, eds.. Left Politics and Social Policy in Post-Communist Europe[M]. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.
[18]Gordon, Linda. Pitied But Not Entitled: Single Mothers and the History of Welfare[M]. New York: Free Press, 1994.
[19]Glass, Christy and Fodor, Eva. From Public to Private Maternalism? Gender and Welfare in Poland and Hungary after 1989[J]. Social Politics, 2007,14(3).
[20]Korintus, Marta and Gyarmati, Andrea. Leave Policies and Research Country Report: Hungary[EB/OL].http://www.leavenetwork.org/fileadmin/Leavenetwork/Country_notes/2012/Hungary.FINAL24may.pdf , 2012.
[21]EPIC (European Platform for Investing in Children). Hungary: Developing Childcare Services to Help Parents Back to Work[EB/OL]. European Union, http://europa.eu/epic/countries/hungary/index_en.htm, 2014a.
[22]Zielinska, Eleonora. Between Ideology, Politics, and Common Sense: The Discourse of Reproductive Rights in Poland[A]. in Reproducing Gender: Politics, Publics, and Everyday Life after Socialism[C]. eds. by Gal, Susan and Kligman, Gail. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
[23]Michoń, Piotr & Kotowska, Irena E.. Leave Policies and Research Country Report: Poland[EB/OL]. http://www.leavenetwork.org/lp_and_r_reports/country_reports/?S=ohne%3Ftype%3D98%3F, 2012.
[24]Ministry of Labour and Social Policy of Poland. Family Benefits[EB/OL]. http://www.mpips.gov.pl/en/social-security-system- cooperation/family-benefits/, 2014.
[25]EPIC (European Platform for Investing in Children). Poland: Tackling the Challenge of Work-life Reconciliation[EB/OL]. European Union, http://europa.eu/epic/countries/poland/index_en.htm , 2014b.
[26]OECD. Poland: Long-term Care[EB/OL]. www.oecd.org/poland/47877986.pdf, 2011.
[27]Ulshoefer, Petra & Fultz, Elaine & Ruck, Markus & Steinhilber, Silke. Forword[A]. in The Gender Dimensions of Social Security Reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Case Studies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland[C]. eds., by Fultz, Elaine and Ruck, Markus and Steinhilber, Silke, International Labour Organization, Subregional office for Central and Eastern Europe, Budapest, 2003.
[28]Folbre, N.. Reforming Care[J]. Politics & Society, 2008, 36(3).
[29]OECD Family Database. Public Spending on Childcare and Early Education, PF3.1[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamilydatabase.htm, 2013a.
[30]OECD Family Database. Enrolment in Childcare and Pre-schools, PF3.2[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamilydatabase.htm, 2013b.
[31]Hoós, János. Impact of Globalisation on Social Security Systems in Hungary[Z]. Working Paper, Budapest University of Economic Sciences and Public Administration, 2002.
[32]Leven, Bozena. The Status of Women and Poland’s Transition to a Market Economy[A]. in Women in the Age of Economic Transformation[C]. eds. by Aslanbeigui, N., Pressman S., and Summerfield G.. New York: Routledge, 1994.
[33]Fodor, Eva. Gender in Transition: Unemployment in Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia[J]. East European Politics & Societies, 1997,(11).
[34]Siemienska, Renata. The Political Culture of Elites and the Public: Building Women’s Political Representation in Post-Communist Poland[A]. in Social Change, Adaptation, and Resistance[C]. eds. by Klonowicz , T., and Wieczorkowska, G.. Warsaw, Poland: Institute for Social Studies Press, 2002.
[35]OECD Family Database. Maternal Employment, LMF1.2[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamilydatabase.htm, 2013c.
[36]OECD Family Database. Gender Difference in Employment Outcomes, PF1.6[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamily- database.htm, 2013d.
[37]Schleutker, E.. Is It Commodification, De-commodification, Familialism or De-familialozation? Parental leave in Sweden and Finland[M]. Wirtschaft & Politik, 2006.
[38] OECD Family Database. Gender Pay Gaps for Full-time Workers, PF1.5[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamilydatabase.htm, 2013e.
[39] OECD Family Database. Time Used for Work and Daily Household Chores, LMF2.5[DB/OL]. http://www.oecd.org/social/soc/oecdfamilydatabase.htm, 2013f.
[40]Lindén, T.S.. Unearthing a European Union Family Policy: The Impact of Social Protection Policies[Z]. Working Paper, Stein Rokkan Centre for Social Studies, 2007.

[1]	. [J]. , 2021, 0(5): 52-.